PROGRAMMING AND COMPILER

Am happy according to the presentation of
Geofrey mhando&
Kwangu masalu.
with facilitator Proff Matt.

Introduction
From the point view of computer science we normally know that a computer is a system made up by two main apparatus/components which are hardware and software.
Software
-Is a collection of set of instruction / programs to accomplish a certain goal (task).
Hardware - Is all those peripheral devices which are physically touched.
Hardware is talented of shipping out a wide range of decisions and tasks as well as to do so need to be given a set of instructions in a form which computer can comprehend.

A computer
- is a machine which receives set of instructions from end-user and executes those source codes consequently.

Programming Language
Is artificial language used to write sequence/series of instructions that can be run in the computer or any mainframe.

Compiler
-Is a program that converts from some source code (programming language) to machine language

History of compiler
-Higher level programming language were not inverted until the assistance of being able to reclaim software on like chalk and cheese kind of CPUs started to become considerably greater than the cost of writing a compiler.
- Upon the closing stages of the 1950's, machine-self-determining programming languages were first wished-for several experiments on compilers to be residential and industrialized but the first compiler was written by Grace Hopper, in 1952 for the A – O programming languages.

Programming and compiler
-According to this topic I have learned three types of programming language from basics of research field of computer science.
(i) Machine language
-is a language that directly considerate by the machine or computer, consequently it is complicated to modify but it is use computer natural language.

(ii)Assembly language
-is the low level programming language uses abbreviation or easily remembered words instead of numbers as well as translator and converter

(iii) Higher level language (Third generation)
-This is the one that resembles human language such as English and most third generation language can be used in more than one kind of machine
Examples of higher level language is like COBOL, PASCAL,FORTAN these are consent to the users and specify the preferred consequences without having to identify detailed measures needed for achieving the outcomes.

Importance of Computer Programming Language.
It necessary to significant for students in all disciplines of computer science and field of research.
(i) To advance your ability to enlarge effective algorithms
(ii) To boost your vocabulary of constructive programming assemble.
(iii) To formulate it easier to gain knowledge of a new language
(iv) To make it easier to propose a new language
(v) Soft ware development, Interface writing etc

Challenges
-At this time the programming languages are challenging on learning especially in this field of research and computer science.
(i) New languages are being invented
(ii) Need for skilled programmer
(iii) Difficult in debugging

Conclusion
In this field of rearch and computer science programming and compier is very necessary due to the fact that programming language is artificial language used to write a sequence of instructions that can be run in the computer.

References
(i)Principles of Programming Languages, Bruce J. MacLennan
(ii)Programming Languages Concepts and Constructs,Ravi Sethi
(iii)Programming Languages Concepts,Carlo Ghezzi, Mehdi Jazayeri
(iv)Concepts in Programming Languages,John C. Mitchel